Pathienin Ṭawng a Mi Pêk hi ei Ngâina Tâwk am? Iengtinam Ṭhang Lâng ei Ta?

Upa VL Renga Hriler

(Suichiengna Ripawt)

Hmar hi Hmar hi Zohnathlak ṭawnghai laia ṭawng mâwi pâwl tak le ṭawng hausa pâwl tak a nih. Ṭawng hausakna hi thu le hlaa târlang a ni hlak a. Khawvȇla ṭawng hausa ei tihai hi thu le hlâin an ṭawng hausakna nasatakin an pho lang hlak. Chuong ang bawkin Hmar ṭawng hausakna khawm hi hla tieng nasataka pho lang a nia, sienkhawm thu tieng ruok chu a khingbai hle thung. Thu tieng ei inhnuoi bȋk nasan hi ngaidân tamtak a uma, chuong ngaidânhai chu zâwna (questionnaire): a dawnna umsa, andik tak nia hriet thlangsuok (closed ended questionnaires) le a dawnna mâni ngâidân ziek (open ended questionnaires) ding hmangin chȋktaka suina online hamnga nei a nih. Hi zâwnahai hi mi 222 laiin an hung sukbita, an chunga ei lâwm takzet a nih. Tlâwmngaia hung sukbit tuha’n Hmar ṭawng ngȋrhmun thua ngâidân ṭhatak tak an neihai chu lakhawmin hi thusepa hin zieksuok ei tum a nih.

Hmar ṭawng suichiengna thusepa ei lȗt hmain India ram state hrang hranga Hmar ṭawng hmangnahai la hang suichieng hmasang ei tih. India intiem kum (census of India) 2011 in a târlang dânin India rama mihriem chȇngzât chu 1,210,854,977 a nih a, hieng lai hin Hmar ṭawng hmang chu mi 98,9881 nia record a nih. A umzie chu kum 2011 in India rama mihriem 0.008175% chu Hmar ṭawng hmang an nih tȋna a nih. Tukum 2024 a India mihriem zât chu 1,441,719,8522 nia hisâp a nih. Kum 2011 a Hmar ṭawng hmang percentage hisâpin kum 2024 a Hmar ṭawng hmang umzat chu mi 1,17,861 vȇl nia ring thei a nih. (0.008175% of 2014 estimated population) Hril dân danga chun kum 12 sungin India ah Hmar ṭawng hmang mi 18,873 in ei pung tȋna a nih.

Indian Language Profile1 in a târlang danin kum 2011 khan India states 25 ah Hmar ṭawng hmang an uma, chuonghai chu, Manipur, Assam le Mizoram-ah hai a sȋng tȇl seng an uma, Meghalaya ah a sâng tȇl, Tripura le Delhia a za tȇl, chun, state dang hieng Punjab, J&K, Karnataka, Maharastra, Chhatisgarh, Goa, Gujarat, Rajasthan, Oddissa, Haryana, Uttarakhand, Madhya Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Andrah Pradesh, Arunachal Pradesh le Sikkim-a hai ruok chu tlawmte tea um niin a tarlang. Intiem kum 2011 a Hmar ṭawng hmanghai chengna states chu a hnuoia pie chart ah hin târlang a nih.

Hmar Ṭawng Hmangna States

(Mihriem zât)

Meghalaya

1,994 Others 180

Assam 29,323

Manipur

49,081

Nagaland

61

Tripura

171

Delhi 197 Mizoram

17,981

State dang danga Hmar ṭawng hmangtu zât hi hril belsap ding um naw sienkhawm Manipur, Assam, Mizoram, Meghalaya le Tripura a Hmar ṭawng hmang tu zât ruokchu Hmar hnam huopzâu zâwnga sui chun indik hlel deua ngâi thei a nih. Manipur-a unau suopuihai hieng Aimol, Anal, Chorei, Chiru, Chothe, Kom, Koireng, Lamkang le Purumhai tiemsa chun a nuoi tȇl ei ni ring a um. Chuongangbawkin, Assam ah Biete le Sakechekhai tiemsa chun sȋng tȇl nȋng ei ta, Meghalaya ah Bietehai tiemsa chun a sâng tȇl, chun, Tripura ah Hrangkhawl, Darlong, Kaipeng, Chorei, Ranglong, Molsom, Bong le Hmarchaphanghai khawm tiemsa chun sȋng tamtak ei ni bawk ding a nih. Mizoram a hin Hmar ṭawng hmang tlâwmhai sienkhawm Hmar hnam an tlâwm ti na a ni nawh. Mizoram a hin Hmar hnam ni si Duhlian ṭawng hmang tamtak an uma, a hnam zâwnga sui chet chet chun Mizorama hin Hmar hnam hi a tam tak niin, nuoi tȇl ni dinga ring a nih.

A hmaa ei hril ta khan Hmar-hai hin ei ṭawng ziek le tiem ei thiem am? Hmar ṭawng hi ei ngâina tâwk am? Iengtinam ṭhang lâng ei ta? ti zâwna 11 (9 closed ended questionnaires le 02 open ended questionnaires) awlsam taka dawn thei siem a nia, chun, dawn tu hming (nuom chun ziek lo ding) le khuo hming sukbit ding a um bawk. Zâwnahai hi google online forms hmanga siem a nia, online bawka sukbita thawn kȋr nâwk el theia siem a ni bawk. Hmar ṭawng suichiengna hi Tarik 5, Thlaṭau (March), 2024 khan hawng ṭan a nia, tarik 11 Thlaṭau, 2024 khan khâr a nih. Hi ni 7 sȗng hin tlawmngâia dawn tu (respondents) mi 222 an uma, hun khâr hnunga hung dawn tum khawm an um nuol a nih. Zawna dawn tu mi 222 hai chu an chȇngna khuo dungzuiin a hnuoia ang hin ṭheṭhâwp a nih.

Sl. No.

State / Dist / Khuo Dawntu zât 01 Assam 23 02 Meghalaya 20 03 Mizoram 27 04 Pherzawl & Jiribam Dist 24 05 Tripura 02 06 Tuithaphai 84 07 Ziek lo (blank) 36 Percentage of Respondents

Blank

16%

Cities

3%

Tuithapha

i 38%

Assam

10%

Meghalaya

9%

Mizoram

12%

Pherzawl

Tripura

1%

1 Indian Language Profile, langlex.com 2 India Population from 1950 – 2024, macrotrends.net

(Next issue a sunzawm ding)

Ziektu chanchin

Upa V L Renga Hriler hi Milliatry Engineering Service (MES), Ministry of Defence (Army), Govt of India a Deputy Director General Works (DDGW) sin chel lai mȇk a nia, Civil Service Exam (UPSC) 1998 batch niin Armed Forces HQ Civil Service cadre a zawm a nih.

Upa V L Renga Hriler hi lekha ziekmi a nia, chanchinbu le magazine ah hai thusep a ziek hlak bâkah, lekhabu, modern love story Chantâwk I & II khawm a ziek ta bawk. Ram le hnam ta dinga a thei angtâwk suo hlak a nia, Hmar Literature Society Delhi a Chairman mawphurna chel lâi mȇk a ni bawk. Ama hi Rengkai khawsuok a nih.

Tuhin Noida International University, Greater Noida, UP ah Ph D a thaw mȇk a, a nuhmei le nau leh Delhi a khawsa mȇk an nih.

Ṭobul, Volume II – Issue No. 01, Tuolbuol – Thlaṭau 2024. An e-Journal of Hmar Literature Society Delhi.