Bible Inpêk Sâwng Dân: Lekha Zuola Inthawk ei Smart Phone Hâiah
Rev. Dr. James R. Ruolngul
Thuma Khawvêla lekhabuhai lâiâ khuolzin râwn tak, inzin hla tak lê hringnun themtu tak chu Pathien Lekhabu Thienghlim, Bible hi a nih. Eini tâ ding lem chun lekha pângngâi el ni lovin, hringnun themtu el khawm ni bawk lovin, Pathien hring inpuongsuokna, vân khuphnuoia thil po po umzie le chatuon chen thilhai mihriltu a ni leiin a pawimâw khawp el. Chu chau chu ni lovin, eini hnam tâ ding khawma ei ṭawngbâu le thuziek dânhai po po iengkima mi ṭhuoitu a hung ni pei ta a nih.
Mosie hun laiâ ṭawngbauâ thu inpêk sâwng huna inthawka vawisûna ei smartphone hâia a hung lût el theina chanchin hi ngainuomum tak, harsa tak le ropui tak a nih. Kum za tam tak fe thlengin, indona tam tak, sukdudana le dodâlna hril sêng ruollo a pal thleng tah a. Vawisûn chu lekhabu po poa inlet râwn tak le tiem hlâw tak a hung ni ta pei a. Kristienna thu el chau ni lovin, Bible hin țawng, nunphung le hnam tam tak a lo siem lien a nih.
Bible inpêk sâwng dân ziekna ding hin ziek ding a tam êm êm a. Kim taka ziek dingin a sei talaw ding a ni leiin hieng Hexapla, Marcion chanchin, Eusebius, Constantine, Athanasius, Apocrypha, Aleppo Codex, Leningrad Codex, le Kohran inkhawmpuihai chu ei zieksa thei ta naw a nih.
Ṭawngbâua thu inpêk sâwng hun
Tienlai chu lekhaziek a um hmâin, mihriem lungrila hrietzingna hmangin chanchin le thu an inpêk sâwng hlak a. A phutin Torah lekha zuola an ziek le zâwlneihai lekhabuhai um sienkhawm, a tam lem dai inchûktirna, zilna le inhriettirnahai chu bâua inhril sâwng a ni hlak a. Hi ang hin ṭhang tam tak chu kei ṭhuoi an lo nih.
Entirna’n, Abraham, Isak le Jakob hai chanchin le a hnung deua Israelhai Aigupta rama inthawka an hung suok chanchinhai hi eini chun a zieka umin ei tiem ela chu, an hun lai khan chu hi chanchinhai hi bâua an inhril sâwng ni ngêi a tih. A hnungin Mosie hmangin Pathienin a ziek ngêiin a hung pêk ta a. Inpâkna Hla Bu (Sam) ziekhai khawm hi hla ṭawng hmanga, miin an inchûk le sak thei dinga ziek le phuok an nih. Zâwlnei Samuel, Nathan, Elija tîhai khawm kha lalhai kuoma le Israelhai kuomah Pathiena inthawka an thu hriet le dawnghai chu an bâu ngêiin an hril sâwng hlak a nih.
Torah lekha zuolhai (Ex. 24:4; Deut. 31:9; 2 Lal. 22:8) chu Shilo hmuna le Jerusalemah (Jos. 18:1; 1 Sam. 1:3; 2 Lal. 8:1) um sienkhawm, Israel mipuihai chun Pathien Lekha thu an hrietna chu naâ an hrietna, a sûn a zâna an hrilna le an hril tlângnaa inthawk a nih. Hi tak hi dân Pahnina (Deuteronomy) 6:7 chun hieng hin a hril a, “in nâuhai ṭhahnemngâitakin inchûktir in t’a, in inah in ṭhung lai dâm, lampuia infe lai dâm, inzâl lai dâm, in tho huna khawm in hril hlak ding a nih” tiin. Bâua inhril sâwngna hi a laklâw lâia an hmang el a ni nawh; hmang tak taka an hmang a lo nih tî hriet thei a nih.
Lekha zuol le lekha ziek hmasahai
Lekha ziek a hung inṭan tak tak chun, baua inhril sâwngna chu a taka hmu theiin a hung um a. Tienlai Israel rama khawm Pathien Lekha Thuhai chu savun lien tak takah (parchment) an ziek thlâka, chu chu an zuola, an sie țha hlak. Kum tam tak hnungah papyrus phêkah ziekin tulaia lekhabu anga sîr khat kildein (codex) an hung hmang chau a nih. Lekhaziektuhai chu fîmkhur takin Pathien Lekha Thu hi a um sa entawnin phêk dangah an ziek thlâk hlak. A thumal le hawrawp um zât chen fîmkhur taka tiemin an en mil hlak a nih. Ziek suol a um kek chun an savun phêk kha an dêhâwn tawp hlak.
Ezra hun (458-445 BC lâi vêl ni dinga ring a nih) lâia inthawk ta khan Pathien Lekha Thu ziek sâwng mawphurtu (scribes) an um ta a. An thiltum chu indik nâwna um der lova Pathien thu chu a um dân dâna ziek sâwng chu a nih. An thilthaw ṭhenkhat la hei tarlang ei tih:
Lekhabu pakhata hawrawp le thumal po po an tiem vawnga, an thilziek sâwng le an mil le mil naw an enfel vawng hlak. A lo inmil naw a um chun, a lekha zuol (scroll) po po kha an dêhâwn tawp el hlak. Thâirâng an thâw ngêi nawh.
A bîk takin Tetragrammaton, הוהי (YHWH) an ziek pha lem chu an fîmkhur taluo a. Pathien hming a nih ti an hriet leiin an ťawngbâu khawma YHWH tîin an siem ngam nawh a, YHWH um kurin, Adonai annawleh HaShem an ti lem dai hlak a nih. Judahai lekhabu Talmud ah YHWH an ziek dân thu an ziek a. Hieng ang hin an thaw hlak: Tetragrammaton an ziek ding pha pha chu thu dang an ziek an la châwlsana, an kut an la sâwpa, a châng lem chu an lan sil hlak a, chu chun Thlarau taka inbuotsaiin YHWH tî hi an ziek chau hlak a nih. An ziek lai zing an châwl nawk ta ngêi nawh. An ziekna hmawl khawm a tui inchie dingin an châwlsan ngêi naw bawk a. An ziek suol lem chun, thai bo an nuom naw a, a lekhazuol po po kha an sie hrana, an phûm tawp hlak a nih (nuoma suksiet pângngêi el a ni nawh).
A bîkin Masoretes an itihai, Juda ziekmihai lem chu an fîmkhur nasa zuol hle. Kum 1947-1956 inkâr khan Tuipui Thi (Dead Sea) kam lai khun pêk pakhatah (Qumran, Hmar Thlang vakam lai) lekha zuol (scroll) tam tak (900 lâi zet) hmusuok a nih a. Hieng lekhaziek/zuolhai hi BC 250 le AD 70 inkâr laia ziek an nih. Hi lekhazuol haia hin Thuthlung Hlui lekhabu po po, Esther ziek ti lo, a um vawng a. A fel le kim tak chu Isai lekhaziek a nih. Mithiemhaiin, Dead Sea Scrolls le Masoretic Text an hang enkhi chun le, 95% chuong zet chu an inang thlap a nih. An ang nawna hai chu thil chîn tham, spelling inang naw met, hawrawp inang naw met ringawt an lo nih. A umzie chu: Masoretes hai khan Pathien Thu kha an lo ziek sâwng fimkhur nasa hle a, an lo vawng ṭha hle tina a nih.
Palestina ram khu Greek hai awpna hnuoiah a hung um a. 285-247 BC lai vel khan Ptolemy II Philadelphus chun mî 70 (a ṭhenin 72 an tih) ruotin, Hebrai țawnga Pathien Lekha Thu chu Greek ṭawngin an hung inlet tah a. A phutin Pentateuch (Genesis a inthawka Deuteronomy chen) hi inleta umin, hi hnung met hin a danghai chu belsa an ni ring a nih. Hi Greek ṭawnga inlet hi Septuagint (LXX) tia ko a nih. Chu chu Greek ṭawnga sawmsari tina a nih.
Hi Septuagint hi Thuthlung Thar hun lâia hmang tak a nih. Isu Krista meu khawmin Septuagint a inthawk hin Pathien Lekha Thu hi a hril hlak zie Bible a inthawk bawka hmu thei a nih. Entirna’n, Luka 4:18-19 (Is. 61:1-2) sûnga thuziek hi Hebrai Bible nêkin Septuagint a inthawka lâk suok a nih ti hmu thei a n’a; Matthai 1:23 (Is. 7:14) a ‘nunghâk inthieng’ tî khawm hi Septuagint a παρθένος (parthenos – virgin – nunghâk inthieng) tî hi Septuagint a mi a nih. Hebrai Bible a chu הָמְלַע (almah – young woman – nunghak) tia ziek a nih. Hi ang hin Rom zieka Thuthlung Hlui thu a ziek sâwng hrim hrimhai khawm Septuagint a inthawk a ni pei. Palestina rama khun khang hun lai khan Greek ṭawng hi an lar tak a, chu zoah Aramaic lê Hebrai ṭawng a nih.
Kristien an hung um khan, Chanchin ṭha ziekna dingin codex (savun, papyrus ni sien, vawisûna ei lekhabuhai anga sîr khat kildea, a phêta phêt thei) an hung hmang ṭan a. Tirkohai lekhathawnhai ziek an hung nih a. Codex an hung hmang ta leiin Chanchin ṭha ziekna le hrildarna hi a hung awlsam pei tah. A bulin dodâlna um sienkhawm, Rom Kumpinu Constantine a huna inthawkin zalênna hung umin, Bible pumpui khawm mi dang dang kutah a hung um pei a.
Chu dinga hmalatu pawimâw chu Jerome a nih. AD 382-405 lai khan Bible pumpui (Thuthlung Hlui le Thuthlung Thar) chu Latin ṭawngin a hung inlet a. Hi hi Rom lalram ṭawng a ni a, a Bible inlet chu ‘Latin Vulgate’ tî a nih.
Kum zabi 7 a inthawk 15 sûng khan Masoretes hai hmalâkna leiin Bible thu hi vawnghim le sukpungin a um a. Codex dang dang a hung suok bawk a.
1215-1229 lai khan ṭhuoitu ṭhenkhatin Bible hi a nuom nuomin an lo inlet chun inlet suolin thuring dang le Pathien Thu indik naw suok an inlau leiin mi dangin an inlet sâwng an hung phal ta nawh a. Chuong sâ khawm chun Wycliffe chun 1382-1395 lai khan Latin Vulgate chu English in a hung inlet a. Sawisêlna nasatak a tuok.
Printing Press a hung um a, Gutenberg Bible chu khawvêla sut a hung ni ta a. Bible chu a hung pung pei a. Reformation hun leh hung intuokin, German ṭawnga inlet a hung ni nâwka. 1526 in Tyndale English Bible (Thuthlung Thar) chu a hung suoka, 1560 in Geneva Bible a hung suok nâwka, 1611 in King James Bible/Version (KJB/V) a hung suok nâwk bawk a. America tieng a hung indara, missionary hai leiin Africa, Asia le hmundang haiah Bible chu semdarin a hung um pei a nih.
Hieng po po hi lam tluongtak hrawa ei Bible hi vawisûn hin ei nei a ni nawh. Ringnawtu, ringtu, mithiem, a thiem naw deu, mi tamtakin Bible hi an enfiea, an sawisêl bawk a. A ṭhenin sukbo an tum a, a țhenin a’n dik nawna an zawng bawk a. Hieng po po fe khêlin, vawisûn hin Bible hi him takin ei kutpha ngeiah, ei phone a khawm ei hung nei thei tah a nih.
Vawisûn chu Bible hi khawvel ṭawng puitling 700 nêka tama inlet a ni tah.
Ei kutphaah, ei smartphone-ah
Ei chengna khawvêl hi digital khawvêl a ni tah. Bible hai khawm tu hin chu mi ṭhenkhat chau kutah a um ta nawh. Mitin, a dit taphawt ta dingin tuhin chu a um tah. Ei kutpha chungah Bible chau ni lovin, commentary, hrilfiena khawm a sâng têl ei phone sûngah ei khum thei tah. A tiem thei nawhai tâ dingin miin an tiem hnung a ngâia ngâi thei khawmin a um a. A lima en thei ding khawm Bible chanchin tamtak a um ta bawk. A hrana Bible sema suok khawm ngêi ta lo hielin tu hin chu râlkhata inthawk a awlsam ta êm êm.
Chu lai zing chun, Bible tiem a awlsam lai zing hin lungrilah indawnna lien tak a um. A tiem a awlsam ta em leiin ei ngâitha ta el am? A hmaa hlu êm êma lekha zuola an zuol, an ziek ding khawma an insukthienga, an tiem ding khawma chu ang bawka an thawa an tiem lai le tu hun hi nasatakin a danglam tah.
Inhma khan chu Bible hi nei a harsaa. Tuhin chu a awl taluo tah. Inhma khan chu an ngaisaka, tu ruok hin chu ei ngâisak ta nawh.
Thukhârna Bible inzinna lam chu a harsa hle. Bâua hril sâwng hun lai, lekha zuola an humhim lai le taima taka an lo ziek sâwng tahai, khawl hmanga an hung sut lai le vawisûna ei smartphone chena a hung umna lampui hi hang ngâituo zawm ta. Pathienin a Thu hi um sâwng dinga a ruot a ni leiin a um el a nih. Vawisûn chen hi a chanchin ni naw nih a, chatuon chenin a um zing ding a nih (Is. 40:8; Matt. 24:35; 1 Pet. 1:24-25).
Eini, ṭhang tam takin hmu le hriet an nuom, Bible ei kupha chunga nei theihai hin mâwphurna lien tak ei nei. Inzaum le hringna a nih ti hi ei hriet am? Lekhabu sienaa sie ringawt dinga ei nei am a ni? Ni tina ei nunpui ding a ni lem naw amani?
Lekha zuola inthawka smartphone chena a hung um hin Bible a Pathien Thu vawng ṭhat zing a nina chau a suklang naw a, Pathien chun a mihai laiah zani, vawisûn le chatuon chenin thu a hril pei zie le hril pei ding a suklang chieng hle a nih.
Ṭobul, Volume II – Issue No. 05, Thlahmur – Changer 2025. An e-Journal of Hmar Literature Society Delhi.
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